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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Hey Jason, Larry and folks –
(resending trimmed so it hopefully fits into the OLPC 40k limit)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>I had an opportunity to do some
thinking/writing on these questions last weekend. These notes are in rough
form, with some very half-baked ideas of mine (e.g., what kind of organizational
structure might be necessary to support a deployment of laptops state-wide
– I think we need to look at OLPC Nepal and <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City
w:st="on">Birmingham</st1:City></st1:place> and see how other smaller-scale
deployments are structured and extrapolate based on that.) However, I tried to lay
out the business case, using No Child Left Behind as part of the case *<b><span
style='font-weight:bold'>for</span></b>* a laptop program. I also think a key
aspect of a laptop deployment would be the increasing size of the support community.
As more teachers are using the laptops, more materials will be available, more
networking between schools will be possible, etc. I have seen this happen in
another non-profit I work with, and it’s truly powerful when people from
across the country/globe are supporting each other because their tasks are
similar and now they have a method to connect with one another. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>I tried to keep these notes
“low-cost laptop” focused, but you’ll see near the end I
started to slide and talk more specifically about the XO. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Anyway – it’s a start.
We’re headed out of town for a while and I wanted to throw this out there
for consideration in the meantime. Feel free to do with it whatever you want. </span></font><font
size=2 color=navy face=Wingdings><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
Wingdings;color:navy'>J</span></font><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'> The offer still stands
for my 6 year old and I to come present about OLPC and what this particular
laptop can do for a child at the bottom end of the age spectrum. Let us know!<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Karen Smith<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<div style='border:none;border-bottom:double windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on"><font size=2
color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:navy'>St. Charles</span></font></st1:City><font size=2 color=navy
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>, <st1:State
w:st="on">IL</st1:State></span></font></st1:place><font size=2 color=navy
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>3/28/08<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Children's
Low-Cost Laptop Bill Notes/FAQ<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Karen T.
Smith<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>- What
evidence is there that providing every child with a laptop is beneficial?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>-- look at
laptop.org. (some possible links: <a
href="http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Learning_Vision">http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Learning_Vision</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><a
href="http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Core_principles">http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Core_principles</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>-- In
today's education climate here and abroad, there is still a disparity between
communities and the quality of education. While No Child Left Behind has made
an attempt to create standards and a system of accountability, I think we can
all agree that it's still a work in progress, and that it fails completely in
many areas such as education of children who do not speak English as their
first language, and special needs students. The emphasis on the high-stakes
testing leaves precious little classroom time for the broader exploration that
should be childhood learning experiences. By leveraging low-cost laptops for
all <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:State w:st="on">Illinois</st1:State></st1:place>
schoolchildren, we have an opportunity to level the playing field, and to give
students a powerful learning tool that will propel them even farther in their
educational journey. Each child having their own laptop means they each have
access to the best educational content that the global village we live in can
provide. Because low-cost laptops are being deployed globally right now through
innovative programs like One Laptop Per Child, our schoolchildren in <st1:place
w:st="on"><st1:State w:st="on">Illinois</st1:State></st1:place> can create
learning experiences with students from all over the world. They can enrich
their learning experiences by exchanging content and messages with children in <st1:country-region
w:st="on">Uruguay</st1:country-region>, <st1:country-region w:st="on">Mongolia</st1:country-region>,
and <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">Peru</st1:country-region></st1:place>.
Units on the Incas can be augmented with exchange work with students from <st1:place
w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">Peru</st1:country-region></st1:place>. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>- What
benefit do the children derive from owning a laptop of their own?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>-- Child
ownership is the crux of this bill for a particular reason. Children act
differently when given responsibility for the care and maintenance of something
of importance. By giving Illinois schoolchildren low-cost laptops, we are
telling them that their educational experience is important, that we believe
they can create real things, contribute to the community, and teach others in
their community - be it their parents, their peers, or community members.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Quote the
laptop.org child ownership line item. <a
href="http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Core_principles">http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Core_principles</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>What support
(deployment, ongoing, repair) exists within the One Laptop Per Child Program?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>-- Any bill
funded by the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:State w:st="on">Illinois</st1:State></st1:place>
house and senate would need to consider the matter of support. Existing systems
of support within schools will need to be augmented at the community level.
Low-cost laptops all leverage open-source software, such as the Linux operating
system. This instantly delivers a business benefit of no need for site or
individual licenses for software. The software available for low-cost
laptops is all free. It is supported by a huge (<i><span style='font-style:
italic'>find reference to estimate the size of the open source community</span></i>)
community of developers and technologists who passionately support open-source
software efforts. <i><span style='font-style:italic'>(list of some open-source
software societies and conferences, education specific if at all possible</span></i>.)
Still some portion of funding will need to be spent on the development of a
deployment plan, infusion of local support options (some of which may benefit from
partnerships with local universities and chapters from organizations like One
Laptop Per Child) and maintenance.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>- Why would
we want a Linux-based machine instead of a Windows one?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>-- While the
world revolves around software developed by Microsoft, technology literacy does
not. Due to the high cost associated with licenses for proprietary software
like that which is developed by MS, this option would immensely increase the
cost of this bill. Furthermore, the system requirements to run operating
systems like Windows are much more expensive to buy, and few options for
durable child-friendly design exist. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Linux-based
systems offer further benefits. Because the operating system is open-source,
children who are interested in this aspect of technology development are able
to view the inner workings of the computer systems. Linux systems are more
easily configured than other systems. The operating system is simply more
efficient for low-cost hardware. Furthermore, with the extensive base of
open-source developers, new applications can be created quickly. Additionally,
with many scripting programming languages available on Linux systems, older
students would be able to design and build learning activities that younger
students could use. This could create a kind of collaboration within and
between schools that would drive a strong sense of community.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>-How will
purchasing laptops help increase student test scores?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>-- The
learning activities students engage on with the laptops would need to be
structured around existing curriculum goals as determined by No Child Left
Behind. The strong benefit of a flexible Linux-based platform is that if those
curriculum goals change over time, if No Child Left Behind undergoes
significant changes in goal or aim, the content taught via the laptops can also
change. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Because the
activities on low-cost laptops would largely be child directed, students will
engage with a higher level of reasoning. They will retain more information if
they are active explorers of information rather than passive receptacles for
it. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>- Won't the
laptops get broken a lot?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>-- A rugged
child-friendly laptop would be best for this deployment, so as to avoid some of
the problems that could happen to a high-cost laptop that would render it
unusable. Some key features that should be sought for an <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:State
w:st="on">Illinois</st1:State></st1:place> child laptop program would include:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>- Rugged
case design<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>-
Weather/spill-proof or resistant keyboard<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>- Reinforced
hinges and other flex points<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>- Sturdy screen,
preferably one that maintains readability in sunlight so students can use
laptops in outdoor exploration units.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>- A handle
or other easy carrying device built-in, so that students aren't as likely to
drop it.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>- Reinforced
corners, in the event of a drop, to help protect the laptop.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>-
Solid-state computing should be considered. Hard drives have spinning parts
that are delicate and generate a lot of heat. Most low-cost laptops are using a
different method of storage called Flash memory, which runs on fewer parts,
generates less heat, and is less prone to defect.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>- How are
the teachers going to learn how to use this new tool?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>-- Any major
technology deployment needs strong support from teachers to be successful. A
deployment plan will need to be created with emphasis on teacher training and
education. Local champions will be needed to work within each school to
encourage teachers in their use of the laptops and to answer curriculum
questions. This role should be separate from any local level support, so as to
not overwhelm one resource with extra work. The initial need for teacher
support will be high, one of the highest demands of the program, however the
benefit is that in a few short years, teachers will build a base of activities
and learning content that can be shared state-wide. It will create
opportunities for collaboration and for synergy, and could even reduce teacher
workload in the long run as the library of available activities grows and is
added to and modified over time. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>- What
infrastructure is required to support every child having a laptop?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>-- A likely
use scenario of a laptop deployment would include roles such as:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>- Local
Deployment manager -<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Responsible
for receiving laptop shipments for a school or district. Deployments should
happen on a school-by-school basis so that all students receive laptops at the
same time. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Community
Champion - working via school boards and other local organizations, the laptop
deployment should look for community champions who will be willing to talk
about the details of the deployments planned for their community. This person
could serve as a primary resource for questions about the local impact of these
laptops in the community. This post would last from 6 months before deployment
of laptops through at least 12 months after. After that, this post could move
to a volunteer-level position. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Community
outreach and communication events could be planned to introduce the laptops to
parents and members of the community.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>School-level
support- technology support within each school may need to be augmented
depending on existing resource levels. If a school currently has a laptop
program, those resources could be adapted to include low-cost laptop support.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Educational
champion - at the local level a minimum of one teacher per school should be
identified to serve as the educational champion. This person will answer
questions from other teachers about how to use the laptop within the core
curriculum of the classroom. This resource can also conduct periodic surveys of
teachers in their school to determine the adoption curve for the laptops. This
will help provide metrics about the success of the program, both for
identifying ways to improve the program, and also for identifying the program benefits
so that <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:State w:st="on">Illinois</st1:State></st1:place>
lead can be followed by other states.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>- In
addition to the price of the laptop, what are the other costs?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>-- Schools
that aren't currently networked will need network infrastructure. Schools that
are currently networked may need their networks augmented to support the large
number of laptops that would be operating within their walls. In
addition, some portion of the funding from this bill should be allocated to
repair and maintenance concerns, such as the purchase of additional machines
and/or spare parts, the creation of a central office to manage the deployment
at least on a temporary (2 year) basis. There will also need to be funds
allocated to stipends for community, support, and education champions. Again
these positions should have a few year span, after which time the community
liaison role would become volunteer, and the teacher and local support may be
able to be reduced.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt;text-autospace:none'><font
size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:269.25pt'><font size=2 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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