The idea of activity sharing supports several important forms of
classroom interaction, and can be stretched to accommodate many more.
However the focus on constructionism means there's a lack of support
for teacher-centric interactions, even ones which are useful in
constructionist learning.
<a name="Raising_hands"></a><h4><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Raising hands</span></h4>
<p>The fundamental model that's missing is the idea of questions or
assignments, posed by the teacher and answered separately by each
student or team of students. It is possible to accomplish this
'manually', but the technical shuffling makes it impractical to do so
in a real-time, classroom situation, especially if it is desirable to
keep data for later.
</p><p>For instance, I as a teacher want to be able to pose a question
and have each student individually type a response. I could see, and
record for later, who responded what and who didn't respond. After
giving a brief interval, I could 'call on' a student either by my
choice or randomly, and continue the discussion based on their answer.
There are several obvious variations on this pattern - for instance,
instead of typing a complete answer they could just indicate whether
they have an answer, ie, 'raise their hands'; teams could present
shared answers; etc. The software would help the teacher to keep track
of each student's participation and to 'call on' students in a
systematic manner.
</p><p>This type of interaction is so fundamental that it would be
great to have it available independent of the currently shared
activity. The obvious place to put it, therefore, would be in the
bulletin board. This means the bulletin board would have to have some
support for active logic. There are 3 ways to do this that I can see:
somehow using AJAX for the bulletin board (advantages: highly flexible,
tools exist; disadvantages: memory and processor hog, needs some server
technology on the teacher's side); hard-coding this one case into the
bulletin board (advantage: can be optimized better; disadvantage:
inflexible); or somehow making a plugin system for the bulletin board
(advantage: flexible; disadvantage: security issues, the world doesn't
need yet another plugin architecture)
</p><p>(One disadvantage of using the bulletin board is that it could
perpetuate the UI chasm between on-line and off-line communication.
In-class questions are no more then small versions of out-of-class
assignments, and the interface should be as similar as possible. But
that is a bigger problem, one which permeates the XO, and deserves a
separate discussion.)
</p><p><a href="http://wiki.laptop.org/go/User:Homunq" title="User:Homunq">Homnq</a> 08:12, 14 January 2008 (EST)
</p>
<a name="Classroom_management"></a><h4><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://wiki.laptop.org/index.php?title=Software_ideas&action=edit§ion=16" title="Edit section: Classroom management">edit</a>]</span>
<span class="mw-headline">Classroom management</span></h4>
<p>Motivation and interest are the best ways to achieve engagement, but
social pressure and good examples are also a part of the picture, and
these are impossible without transparency. If there is no easy way for
teachers (or, for that matter, other students) to tell the difference
between a student who is working on the laptop, and one who is playing
DOOM, bad things happen. </p><p>Intel/Microsoft's "Classmate" competitor is rumored to have
tools for the teacher to freeze or take over the student's laptop, "to
guide them through the interface". Regardless of whether this is a
desirable relationship, it would be hard to accomplish within the
security model and memory constraints of the XO.
</p><p>However, it would be good to have tools for all members of a
shared activity to see the current state and recent history of all
other current members. This protects privacy (after all, you can just
quit the shared activity for privacy) while creating transparency. For
it to be useful, it has to be simple and fast. Useful things to see are
which activities have been used, and whether out-of-band communication
has happened, over the last minute.
</p>